走向一带一路：阿里云的海外布局
阿里云的海外布局：地域和可用区
Alibaba Cloud’s Data Center Locations: Regions and Availability Zones
阿里云在全球运营的 89 个数据中心支持着阿里巴巴在30个云地域提供高可用性、强容错能力以及最低可能性的并发故障，使其成为全球第三大、亚太区域最大的IaaS提供商，以及中国收入最高的公共云服务（包括PaaS和IaaS）服务提供商。
阿里云是阿里巴巴集团的云计算部门，通过其位于全球15个国家30个地点的数据中心提供计算、存储、网络和数据库服务。阿里云可用区的扩张，加上公司主要产品和平台的增长——如阿里巴巴、全球速卖通、淘宝、天猫、Lazada和优酷——这些都需要增加数据中心的容量。
Alibaba Cloud, which is the cloud computing arm of the Alibaba Group, offers compute, storage, network, and database services via its data centers located in 15 countries, spanning 30 locations globally. The expansion of Alibaba Cloud regions, coupled with the growth of the company’s primary products and platforms – such as Alibaba.com, AliExpress, Taobao, Tmall, Lazada, and Youku – necessitates increased data center capacity.
阿里云在全球总共运营着 89 个数据中心。这些数据中心支持阿里巴巴的30个云区域，这些云可用区是数据中心集群的物理位置。这些可用区提供高可用性、强容错能力以及最低可能性的并发故障。
In total, Alibaba Cloud operates 89 data centers worldwide. These data centers support Alibaba’s 30 cloud regions, which are physical locations where data centers are clustered. These regions offer high availability, robust fault tolerance, and a minimal chance of concurrent failure.
阿里云为全球400多万客户提供服务。这其中包括80%的中国科技创新企业，60%的中国国家级专业化“小巨人”企业，以及55%在中国证券交易所上市的公司。该公司的云智能集团（包括阿里云）报告称，最近一个季度的收入为35亿美元（约合人民币251.23亿元），同比增长4%。因此，按年计算，阿里云目前的收入接近140亿美元。
Alibaba Cloud serves more than four million global customers. This includes 80% of China’s science and technology innovation enterprises, 60% of China’s national-level specialized “little giant” enterprises, and 55% of companies listed on the Chinese stock exchanges. The company’s Cloud Intelligence Group, which encompasses Alibaba Cloud, reported revenue of $3.5 billion (RMB25,123 million) for the latest quarter, representing a 4% increase year-over-year. Thus, on an annualized basis, Alibaba Cloud’s revenue currently stands at nearly $14 billion.
Dgtl Infra分析了阿里云的地域、可用区和数据中心，这些都是支撑其快速扩展的云计算业务的基础，主要关注公司当前的基础设施站点和未来的构建位置。
Dgtl Infra examines Alibaba Cloud’s regions, availability zones, and data centers that underpin its fast-expanding cloud computing operations, concentrating on the company’s current infrastructure sites and prospective build locations.
阿里云在全球30个地域运营，覆盖89个可用区。这些地域通常以其数据中心所在的城市命名。例如，日本（东京）地域的数据中心位于东京。
Alibaba Cloud operates in 30 regions across the world, encompassing 89 zones. These regions are typically named after the cities where their data centers are located. For example, the data centers for the Japan (Tokyo) region are located in Tokyo.
阿里云的地域由1到12个物理分隔的数据中心组成，每个数据中心都有自己独特的电力、冷却和网络基础设施。这些数据中心被阿里云称为区域（Zones），而其他云服务提供商通常称之为可用区，两者意思基本等同（Availability Zones）。为了说明这一点，下图中地域1包含三个可用区（可用区A，可用区B，可用区C），地域2也包含三个可用区:
Alibaba Cloud regions consist of anywhere from 1 to 12 physically distinct data centers, each with its own unique infrastructure for power, cooling, and networking. These data centers are referred to as zones by Alibaba Cloud, whereas other cloud service providers typically call them availability zones. To illustrate, consider a figure where Region 1 contains three zones (Zone A, Zone B, Zone C), and Region 2 also comprises three zones:
在单个地域内，这些可用区通过高带宽、低延迟的网络连接起来。因此，它们之间的延迟最小。这确保了同一地域内的服务之间更快的通信，从而提高了业务操作的效率。
Within a single region, these zones are linked by a high-bandwidth, low-latency network. As a result, there’s minimal delay (latency) between them. This ensures faster communication for services within the same zone, leading to more efficient business operations.
阿里云在全球运营着高效的数据中心，以其出色的电力利用率而闻名。其战略性全球地域提供可用性和可靠性。创新的冷却方法、分布式架构、复杂的配电系统和智能监控机制等先进技术提高了性能、可扩展性和冗余性。
Alibaba Cloud operates highly efficient data centers worldwide, notable for their excellent power utilization rates. Their strategic global regions provide availability and reliability. Advanced technologies like innovative cooling methods, distributed architecture, sophisticated power distribution systems, and smart monitoring mechanisms improve performance, scalability, and redundancy.
阿里云的地域和可用区是公司在全球范围内聚集数据中心的物理位置。以下是阿里云在中国、美国、欧洲、亚太和中东的30个地域和89个可用区的摘要。
Alibaba Cloud’s regions and zones (also known as availability zones) are physical locations where the company clusters data centers around the world. Below is a summary of Alibaba Cloud’s 30 regions and 89 availability zones throughout China, the United States, Europe, Asia Pacific, and the Middle East.
中国
China
中国的云计算产业仍处于发展的早期阶段。去年，中国公共云服务市场（包括IaaS、PaaS和SaaS）的收入仅占中国GDP的0.2%。与美国相比，这一数字明显较低。
The cloud computing industry in China remains in the early stages of development. Last year, the revenue from China’s public cloud services market – which encompasses IaaS, PaaS, and SaaS – constituted a mere 0.2% of the country’s GDP. This figure is significantly lower compared to that of the U.S.
美国
United States
在美国，阿里云运营着2个地域和4个可用区。具体来说，阿里巴巴在以下市场运营着设施：华盛顿特区和加利福尼亚州旧金山。
In the United States, Alibaba Cloud operates 2 regions and 4 availability zones. Particularly, Alibaba operates facilities in the following markets: Washington, D.C. and San Francisco, California.
地域
Regions
在这些市场中，阿里云在以下地域运营数据中心：美国（弗吉尼亚州），称为美东1；以及美国（硅谷），称为美西1。
Within these markets, Alibaba Cloud operates data centers in the following regions: US (Virginia), known as us-east-1, and US (Silicon Valley), known as us-west-1.
欧洲
Europe
在欧洲，阿里云运营着2个地域和5个可用区。目前，阿里云已在德国法兰克福、英国伦敦等市场上线。
In Europe, Alibaba Cloud operates 2 regions and 5 availability zones. Presently, Alibaba Cloud is available in the following markets: Frankfurt, Germany and London, United Kingdom.
地域
Regions
在这些市场中，阿里云在以下地域运营数据中心：德国（法兰克福），称为欧中1；英国（伦敦），称为欧西1。
Within these markets, Alibaba Cloud operates data centers in the following regions: Germany (Frankfurt), known as eu-central-1, and UK (London), known as eu-west-1.
亚太
Asia Pacific
在亚太，阿里云运营着9个地域和18个可用区。具体而言，阿里云在以下市场可用：澳大利亚悉尼；印度孟买；印尼雅加达；日本东京；马来西亚吉隆坡；菲律宾马尼拉；新加坡；韩国首尔；以及泰国的曼谷。
In Asia Pacific, Alibaba Cloud operates 9 regions and 18 availability zones. Specifically, Alibaba Cloud is available in the following markets: Sydney, Australia; Mumbai, India; Jakarta, Indonesia; Tokyo, Japan; Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; Manila, Philippines; Singapore; Seoul, South Korea; and Bangkok, Thailand.
地域
Regions
在这些地域中，阿里云在以下地域运营数据中心：澳大利亚（悉尼），称为亚太东南2；印度（孟买），称为亚太南1；印度尼西亚（雅加达），称为亚太东南5；日本（东京），称为亚太东北1：马来西亚（吉隆坡），称为亚太东南3；菲律宾（马尼拉），称为亚太东南6；新加坡（新加坡），称为亚太东南1；韩国（首尔），称为亚太东北2；泰国（曼谷），称为亚太东南7。
Within these locations, Alibaba Cloud operates data centers in the following regions: Australia (Sydney), known as ap-southeast-2; India (Mumbai), known as ap-south-1; Indonesia (Jakarta), known as ap-southeast-5; Japan (Tokyo), known as ap-northeast-1; Malaysia (Kuala Lumpur), known as ap-southeast-3; Philippines (Manila), known as ap-southeast-6; Singapore (Singapore), known as ap-southeast-1; South Korea (Seoul), known as ap-northeast-2; and Thailand (Bangkok), known as ap-southeast-7.
作为亚太地域领先的IaaS提供商，阿里云正在不断扩展其国际云基础设施，并增强其本地云服务能力，特别是在东南亚。
As the leading IaaS provider in the Asia Pacific region, Alibaba Cloud is continually expanding its international cloud infrastructure and enhancing its local cloud service capabilities, particularly in Southeast Asia.
中东
Middle East
在中东地域，阿里云运营着2个地域和3个可用区。具体来说，阿里云在以下市场：沙特阿拉伯的利雅得和阿拉伯联合酋长国的迪拜。
In the Middle East, Alibaba Cloud operates 2 regions and 3 availability zones. Particularly, Alibaba Cloud is available in the following markets: Riyadh, Saudi Arabia and Dubai, United Arab Emirates.
地域
Regions
在这些市场中，阿里云在以下地域运营数据中心：沙特阿拉伯（利雅得），称为中东中1，以及阿拉伯联合酋长国（迪拜)，称为中东东1。
Within these markets, Alibaba Cloud operates data centers in the following regions: SAU (Riyadh – Partner Region), known as me-central-1, and UAE (Dubai), known as me-east-1.
根据Gartner的数据，阿里巴巴集团是全球第三大，也是亚太地域最大的基础设施即服务（IaaS）提供商（按美元收入计算）。作为多个行业数字化转型的关键参与者，阿里巴巴集团的云服务部门阿里云最初是为了管理该公司在中国的庞大规模和复杂性的内部运营，包括商务、支付和物流。
Alibaba Group is the world’s third-largest Infrastructure-as-a-Service (IaaS) provider and the largest in the Asia Pacific region by revenue in U.S. dollars, according to Gartner. A key player in digital transformation across diverse industries, Alibaba Group’s cloud services division, Alibaba Cloud, was initially created to manage the massive scale and complexity of the company’s internal operations within China, including commerce, payments, and logistics.
阿里云是这场技术革命的关键参与者，这场革命涉及用云服务取代传统的IT基础设施，以更低的成本提供更高的效率。这个全面的套件包括公司自己的专有服务器、计算、存储、网络、安全、数据库、大数据、容器技术、机器学习以及用于模型训练和推理的工具。这些服务对阿里巴巴的生态系统至关重要，也为全球范围内的广大客户提供服务。
Alibaba Cloud is a key player in the technological revolution that involves replacing traditional IT infrastructure with cloud services, offering significantly higher efficiency at a lower cost. This comprehensive suite includes the company’s own proprietary servers, computing, storage, network, security, database, big data, container technology, machine learning, and tools for model training and inference. These services are vital to the Alibaba ecosystem and also serve a wide range of customers globally.
除了传统的基础设施即服务（IaaS），阿里云的产品还扩展到平台即服务（PaaS）和模型即服务（MaaS），这些都是阿里云全栈云功能和产品组合的一部分。这些云服务模型使客户能够构建高性能、灵活、可扩展、经济高效且安全的IT基础设施。此外，它还为客户提供复杂的数据管理工具，这对于有效处理复杂的分析和机器学习任务至关重要。
Beyond the conventional Infrastructure-as-a-Service (IaaS), Alibaba Cloud’s offerings extend to platform-as-a-service (PaaS) and model-as-a-service (MaaS), all part of its full-stack cloud capabilities and products portfolio. These cloud service models enable customers to build IT infrastructure that is high-performance, flexible, scalable, cost-effective, and secure. Additionally, it provides customers with sophisticated data management tools, essential for efficiently handling complex analytics and machine learning tasks.
根据IDC的数据，阿里云被公认为中国收入最高的公共云服务提供商，包括PaaS和IaaS服务，阿里云在金融、公共部门和制造业等多个垂直领域提供行业特定解决方案。
Recognized as China’s largest provider of public cloud services by revenue, including PaaS and IaaS services according to IDC, Alibaba Cloud delivers industry-specific solutions across several verticals, such as finance, public sector, and manufacturing.
阿里巴巴的云操作系统通过互联网提供可扩展的计算资源和服务。它抽象了底层基础设施的复杂性，允许用户从任何设备、任何地点访问应用程序和数据。该系统由以下部分组成：
Alibaba’s Cloud Operating System offers scalable computing resources and services via the internet. It abstracts underlying infrastructure complexities, allowing users to access applications and data from any device, anywhere. The system is composed of:
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飞天：这是阿里云专有的通用分布式计算操作系统
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Apsara: This is Alibaba Cloud’s proprietary, general-purpose distributed computing operating system
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神龙计算：这是阿里云的硬件虚拟化架构，在最大化计算效率方面发挥着至关重要的作用
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ShenlongCompute: This is Alibaba Cloud’s hardware virtualization architecture, which plays a crucial role in maximizing computing efficiency
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盘古：盘古作为阿里云的分布式云存储系统，提供可靠、可扩展、高效的数据存储解决方案
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Pangu: Serving as Alibaba Cloud’s distributed cloud storage system, Pangu ensures reliable, scalable, and efficient data storage solutions
阿里云的收入主要来自向国内外企业客户提供公共云和混合云服务。
Alibaba Cloud’s revenue is primarily derived from offering public and hybrid cloud services to enterprise customers both domestically and internationally.
这些服务具体如下：
These services are detailed as follows:
公共云服务：收入来自各种产品，包括弹性计算、存储、网络、数据库、大数据、安全解决方案和专有服务器的使用。企业客户可以根据其使用情况（即付即用）或通过订阅模式（如按需交付计算和存储资源）对这些服务收费
Public Cloud Services: Revenue is generated through various offerings that include elastic computing, storage, networking, database, big data, security solutions, and the use of proprietary servers. Enterprise customers are billed for these services either based on their usage (pay-as-you-go) or via a subscription model, such as for the on-demand delivery of computing and storage resources
混合云服务：收入来自提供针对企业客户特定需求量身定制的综合云服务包。这些包包括硬件供应、软件许可、软件安装服务，以及应用程序开发和持续维护。这种方法允许更定制的云解决方案与客户现有的本地基础设施集成
Hybrid Cloud Services: Revenue is produced by providing comprehensive cloud service packages that are tailored to the specific needs of enterprise customers. These packages include hardware provisioning, software licensing, software installation services, as well as application development and ongoing maintenance. This approach allows for a more customized cloud solution that integrates with the customer’s existing on-premises infrastructure
阿里云为企业提供了一个机器学习平台，用于模型的大规模训练和推理。这个平台既可以容纳阿里巴巴专有的基础模型，也可以促进市场上流行的其他大规模和特定领域模型的培训和实施。
Alibaba Cloud offers enterprises a machine learning platform designed for the large-scale training and inference of models. This platform accommodates both Alibaba’s proprietary foundation model, as well as facilitating the training and implementation of other large-scale and domain-specific models prevalent in the market.
2023年，阿里云推出了最新的大语言模型——通义千问。该大语言模型整合到阿里巴巴业务应用程序的各个方面，旨在显著丰富整个生态系统的用户体验。
In 2023, Alibaba Cloud introduced its newest Large Language Model (LLM), Tongyi Qianwen. This LLM is slated for integration into every facet of Alibaba’s business applications, with the aim of significantly enriching the user experience across their entire ecosystem.
阿里云认识到生成式人工智能的变革力量，正在通过向企业客户提供通过云访问“通义千问”的方式，使这一创新更加普及。此外，客户将有能力开发专门针对其独特业务环境的定制大语言模型。
Recognizing the transformative power of generative AI, Alibaba Cloud is democratizing this innovation by providing enterprise customers with access to Tongyi Qianwen via the cloud. Furthermore, customers will have the capability to develop bespoke LLMs tailored specifically to their unique business contexts.
翻译：
陈博华
DKV（DeepKnowledge Volunteer）计划成员
校对：
刘宏宇
香港电讯盈科网络规划及营运总处
DKV（DeepKnowledge Volunteer）精英成员
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